文章介绍：Debian/Ubuntu/CentOS系统更换国内更新源。

一、安装编辑器

1.1、ubuntu/debian

sudo apt-get install -y nano

1.2、centos

sudo yum install -y nano

二、查看系统版本

cat /etc/issue

三、替换更新源

3.1、debian

3.1.1、备份当前更新源

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

3.1.2、编辑更新源

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

3.1.3、选择更新源

3.1.3.1、阿里云

阿里巴巴开源Debian镜像站

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib

3.1.3.2、清华大学

清华大学开源软件Debian镜像站

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src https://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

3.1.3.3、中科大

中科大开源软件Debian镜像站

#Debian10
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian buster main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian buster main contrib non-free
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian buster-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian buster-updates main contrib non-free

# backports 软件源，请按需启用
# deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian buster-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian buster-backports main contrib non-free

#Debian11
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-updates main contrib non-free

# backports 软件源，请按需启用
# deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bullseye-backports main contrib non-free

#Debian12
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

# backports 软件源，请按需启用
# deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

3.1.3.4、网易

网易开源软件Debian镜像站

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib

3.1.4、更新系统

sudo apt-get update;sudo apt-get upgrade

3.2、ubuntu

3.2.1、备份当前更新源

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

3.2.2、编辑更新源

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

3.2.3、选择更新源

3.2.3.1、阿里云

阿里巴巴开源Ubuntu镜像站

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

ubuntu 22.04 LTS (jammy) 配置如下

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

3.2.3.2、清华大学

清华大学开源Ubuntu软件镜像站

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

3.2.3.3、网易

网易开源Ubuntu软件镜像站

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#Jammy(22.04)
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

3.2.3.4、中科大

中科大开源Ubuntu软件镜像站

#Ubuntu 16.04
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#Ubuntu 18.04
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#Ubuntu 20.04
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#Ubuntu 22.04
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

#Ubuntu 24.04
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

3.2.4、更新系统

sudo apt-get update;sudo apt-get upgrade

3.3、centos

3.3.1、备份当前更新源

sudo mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

3.3.2、进入yum源配置文件目录

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

3.3.3、下载更新源

3.3.3.1、阿里云centos-7

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

3.3.3.2、网易centos-7

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

3.3.3.3、中科大centos-7

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/_export/code/mirrors/help/centos?codeblock=3

3.3.3.4、清华centos

# 对于 CentOS 7
sudo sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' \
    -e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos|baseurl=https://mirrors4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos|g' \
    -i.bak \
    /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo

# 对于 CentOS 8
sudo sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' \
    -e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://mirrors4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos|g' \
    -i.bak \
    /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo

3.3.4、清理缓存

sudo yum clean all

3.3.5、生成缓存

sudo yum makecache

3.3.6、更新系统

sudo yum -y update && sudo yum install epel-release